Which organism is known to cause malaria?

Plasmodium species are the causative agents of malaria, a serious and sometimes fatal disease characterized by fever, chills, and flu-like symptoms. The Plasmodium genus comprises several species, with Plasmodium falciparum being the most deadly and prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa, while Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium ovale, and Plasmodium malariae also contribute to malaria cases in different regions.

Transmission occurs via the bite of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes, which introduces the malaria parasites into the bloodstream. Once in the body, Plasmodium species invade red blood cells, where they multiply and eventually lead to the destruction of these cells, contributing to the clinical symptoms of malaria.

The other organisms listed do not cause malaria. Entamoeba histolytica is known for causing amoebic dysentery, Giardia lamblia is associated with giardiasis, and Cyclospora cayetanensis causes cyclosporiasis. Each of these organisms belongs to different categories of pathogens and presents distinct clinical manifestations. Thus, the recognition of Plasmodium species as the specific agents of malaria is crucial for understanding its epidemiology and treatment.