Which of the following factors increases the risk of infection in older adults?

Poor nutrition is a significant factor that increases the risk of infection in older adults. As individuals age, the body's physiological changes can lead to decreased appetite and diminished nutrient absorption, resulting in nutritional deficits. A lack of essential nutrients can impair the immune system, making it less effective in combating infections. Vitamins and minerals, such as vitamin C, vitamin D, zinc, and protein, play crucial roles in maintaining immune function. When older adults do not receive adequate nutrition, they are more susceptible to illnesses and infections, which can lead to prolonged recovery times and increased morbidity.

In contrast, regular exercise, high hydration levels, and a strong immune response contribute positively to health and can help reduce the risk of infection. Regular physical activity can enhance immune function, while staying well-hydrated supports overall bodily functions, including immune responses. A robust immune system helps to fend off pathogens effectively, underscoring the importance of good nutrition in maintaining these health benefits as individuals age.