Which factor contributes to the increased susceptibility of older adults to infection?

Older adults often have an increased susceptibility to infections due to various physiological changes that occur with aging, one of which is poor nutrition. As individuals age, their nutritional needs may not be met for several reasons, including changes in appetite, difficulties in chewing or swallowing, or financial constraints that affect the quality and quantity of food consumed. Nutritional deficiencies can impair the immune system, making older adults more vulnerable to infections. For instance, deficiencies in essential vitamins and minerals can hinder the production and function of immune cells, thus decreasing the body’s ability to fend off pathogens.

In contrast, factors such as high physical activity and strong mental health typically support better overall health and immune function. A younger biological age might suggest better physiological health and resilience against infections, further highlighting why poor nutrition plays a crucial role in increased susceptibility in older adults.